Court Structure (SOURCE) The Federal Court System The State Court System Article III of the Constitution invests the judicial power of the United States in the federal court system. Article III, Section 1 specificall or texty creates the U.S. Supreme Court and gives Congress the authority to create the lower federal courts. The Constitution and...Read More

The federal judiciary operates separately from the executive and legislative branches, but often works with them as the Constitution requires. Federal laws are passed by Congress and signed by the President. The judicial branch decides the constitutionality of federal laws and resolves other disputes about federal laws. However, judges depend on our government’s executive branch...Read More

Access for All A person who wishes to observe a court in session may check the court calendar online or at the courthouse and watch a proceeding. Our Constitution and court tradition give citizens right of access to court proceedings. Citizens gain confidence in the courts by seeing judicial work in action, and learn first-hand...Read More

Jury Service U.S. citizens at least 18 years of age may be call or texted to jury service, one of the most important ways individual citizens become involved with the federal courts. Learn more about jury service and what to do if you were summoned to federal jury service. Court Cases Federal courts have jurisdiction...Read More

Bankruptcy Courts oversee a process where: a debtor repays creditors in a fair and orderly manner to the extent that the debtor has property available for payment; a failing business reorganizes by restructuring debt or the business entity itself, or, alternatively, to provide a framework for the orderly liquidation of the failed enterprise; and a...Read More

Article I, Section 8, of the United States Constitution authorizes Congress to enact “uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies.” Under this grant of authority, Congress enacted the “Bankruptcy Code” in 1978. The Bankruptcy Code, which is codified as title 11 of the United States Code, has been amended several times since its enactment. It...Read More

When does someone need a lawyer for a bankruptcy case? Individuals have a right to represent themselves in court, but bankruptcy is a complex area that involves many considerations including whether to file, what chapter to file under, and what exemptions to claim. It is important to understand all of the protections of the bankruptcy...Read More

In some cases, a debtor may be required to appear at hearings before a bankruptcy judge. SOURCE: Federal Judiciary Channel (YouTube) 0:01 The following program was produced by the United States Courts. 0:12 Depending on the chapter of your bankruptcy case and it’s complexity, you may also 0:16 be required to appear at hearings before the...Read More

Every debtor is required to appear at a creditors’ meeting conducted by a trustee who asks the debtor questions about the debtor’s financial condition and gives creditors the opportunity to do the same. SOURCE: Federal Judiciary Channel  (YouTube) TRANSCRIPT: 0:01 The following program was produced by 0:03 the United States Courts. 0:12 As a debtor,...Read More

How does someone file a bankruptcy case? In order to file for bankruptcy, an individual must take a credit counseling course to learn about alternatives to bankruptcy as well as accurately complete and file a number of documents. SOURCE: Federal Judiciary Channel 0:01 The following program was produced by 0:03 the United States Courts. 0:09...Read More